Chinese Grammar Terms Glossary

英语语法术语中英对照
来源: 英语语法网栏目: 语法术语
1. 语法 grammar
2. 句法 syntax
3. 词法 morphology
4. 结构 structure
5. 层次 rank
6. 句子 sentence
7. 从句 clause
8. 词组 phrase
9. 词类 part of speech
10. 单词 word
11. 实词 notional word
12. 虚词 structural word
13. 名词 noun
14. 专有名词 proper noun
15. 普通名词 common noun
16. 可数名词 countable noun
17. 不可数名词 uncountable noun
18. 抽象名词 abstract noun
19. 具体名词 concret noun
20. 物质名词 material noun
21. 集体名词 collective noun
22. 个体名词individual noun
23. 介词 preposition
24. 连词 conjunction
25. 动词 verb
26. 主动词 main verb
27. 及物动词 transitive verb
28. 不及物动词 intransitive verb
29. 系动词 link verb
30. 助动词 auxiliary verb
31. 情态动词 modal verb
32. 规则动词 regular verb
33. 不规则动词 irregular verb
34. 短语动词 phrasal verb
35. 限定动词 finite verb
36. 非限定动词 infinite verb
37. 使役动词 causative verb
38. 感官动词 verb of senses
39. 动态动词 event verb
40. 静态动词 state verb
41. 感叹词 exclamation
42. 形容词 adjective
43. 副词 adverb
44. 方式副词 adverb of manner
45. 程度副词 adverb of degree
46. 时间副词 adverb of time
47. 地点副词 adverb of place
48. 修饰性副词 adjunct
49. 连接性副词 conjunct
50. 疑问副词 interrogative adverb
51. 关系副词 relative adverb
52. 代词 pronoun
53. 人称代词 personal pronoun
54. 物主代词 possessive pronoun
55. 反身代词 reflexive pronoun
56. 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun
57. 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun
58. 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun
59. 关系代词 relative pronoun
60. 不定代词 indefinite pronoun
61. 物主代词 possessive pronoun
62. 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun
63. 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun
64. 冠词 article
65. 定冠词 definite article
66. 不定冠词 indefinite article
67. 数词 numeral
68. 基数词 cardinal numeral
69. 序数词 ordinal numeral
70. 分数词 fractional numeral
71. 形式 form
72. 单数形式 singular form
73. 复数形式 plural form
74. 限定动词 finite verb form
75. 非限定动词 non-finite verb form
76. 原形 base form
77. 从句 clause
78. 从属句 subordinate clause
79. 并列句 coordinate clause
80. 名词从句 nominal clause
81. 定语从句 attributive clause
82. 状语从句 adverbial clause
83. 宾语从句 object clause
84. 主语从句 subject clause
85. 同位语从句appositive clause
86. 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time
87. 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place
88. 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner
89. 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession
90. 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause
91. 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result
92. 目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose
93. 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition
94. 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition
95. 非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition
96. 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition
97. 错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition
98. 句子 sentence
99. 简单句 simple sentence
100. 并列句 compound sentence

1. 复合句 complex sentence
2. 并列复合句compound complex sentence
3. 陈述句 declarative sentence
4. 疑问句 interrogative sentence
5. 一般疑问句 general question
6. 特殊疑问句 special question
7. 选择疑问句 alternative question
8. 附加疑问句 tag question
9. 反义疑问句 disjunctive question
10. 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question
11. 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question
12. 存在句 existential sentence
13. 肯定句 positive sentence
14. 否定句 negative sentence
15. 祈使句 imperative sentence
16. 省略句 elliptical sentence
17. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence
18. 基本句型 basic sentence pattern
19. 句子成分 members of sentences
20. 主语 subject
21. 谓语 predicate
22. 宾语 object
23. 双宾语 dual object
24. 直接宾语 direct object
25. 间接宾语 indirect object
26. 复合宾语 complex object
27. 同源宾语 cognate object
28. 补语 complement
29. 主补 subject complement
30. 宾补 object complement
31. 表语 predicative
32. 定语 attribute
33. 同位语 appositive
34. 状语 adverbial
35. 句法关系 syntatic relationship
36. 并列coordinate
37. 从属 subordination
38. 修饰 modification
39. 前置修饰 pre-modification
40. 后置修饰 post-modification
41. 限制 restriction
42. 双重限制 double-restriction
43. 非限制 non-restriction
44. 数 number
45. 单数形式 singular form
46. 复数形式 plural form
47. 规则形式 regular form
48. 不规则形式 irregular form
49. 格 case
50. 普通格 common case
51. 所有格 possessive case
52. 主格 nominative case
53. 宾格 objective case
54. 性 gender
55. 阳性 masculine
56. 阴性 feminine
57. 通性 common
58. 中性 neuter
59. 人称 person
60. 第一人称 first person
61. 第二人称 second person
62. 第三人称 third person
63. 时态 tense
64. 过去将来时 past future tense
65. 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense
66. 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense
67. 一般现在时 present simple tense
68. 一般过去时 past simple tense
69. 一般将来时 future simple tense
70. 现在完成时 past perfect tense
71. 过去完成时 present perfect tense
72. 将来完成时 future perfect tense
73. 现在进行时 present continuous tense
74. 过去进行时 past continuous tense
75. 将来进行时 future continuous tense
76. 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense

77. 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense

78. 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense

79. 语态 voice
80. 主动语态 active voice
81. 被动语态 passive voice
82. 语气 mood
83. 陈述语气 indicative mood
84. 祈使语气 imperative mood
85. 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
86. 否定negation
87. 否定范围 scope of negation
88. 全部否定 full negation
89. 局部否 partial negation
90. 转移否定 shift of negation
91. 语序 order
92. 自然语序 natural order
93. 倒装语序 inversion
94. 全部倒装 full inversion
95. 部分倒装 partial inversion
96. 直接引语 direct speech
97. 间接引语 indirect speech
98. 自由直接引语 free direct speech
99. 自由间接引语 free indirect speech
100. 一致 agreement
101. 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement
102. 语法一致 grammatical agreement
103. 概念一致 notional agreement
104. 就近原则 principle of proximity
105. 强调 emphasis
106. 重复 repetition
107. 语音 pronunciation
108. 语调 tone
109. 升调 rising tone
110. 降调 falling tone
111. 降升调 falling-rising tone
112. 文体 style
113. 正式文体 formal
114. 非正式文体 informal
115. 口语 spoken/oral English
116. 套语 formulistic expression
117. 英国英语 British English
118. 美国英语 American English
119. 用法 usage
120. 感情色彩 emotional coloring
121. 褒义 commendatory
122. 贬义 derogatory
123. 幽默 humorous
124. 讽刺 sarcastic
125. 挖苦 ironic
126. 英语修辞手法:
     一、 明喻（simile）
     二、 隐喻（metaphor）
     三、 提喻（synecdoche）
     四、 拟人（personification）
     五、 夸张（hyperbole）
     六、 叠言（rhetorical repetition）
     七、 借代（metonymy）
     八、 双关语（pun）
     九、 拟声（onomatcpocia）
     十、 讽刺（irony）
     十一、 通感（synesthesia）
     十二、 头韵法（alliteration）

常用缩写

prep = 介词；前置词,preposition的缩写

pron = 代词,pronoun的缩写

n = 名词,noun的缩写

v = 动词,兼指及物动词和不及物动词,verb的缩写

conj = 连接词 ,conjunction的缩写

s = 主语

sc = 主语补语

o = 宾语

oc = 宾语补语

vi = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写

vt = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写

aux.v = 助动词 ,auxiliary的缩写

a = 形容词,adjective的缩写 ,也有写成adj

ad = 副词,adverb的缩写 也有写成adv

art = 冠词,article的缩写

num = 数词,numeral的缩写

int = 感叹词,interjection的缩写

u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写

c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写

pl = 复数,plural的缩写

语气词 int.

缩写词 abbr.

五种基本句型

主谓宾SVO Subject Verb Object

主谓 SV

主谓补 SVC Subject Verb Complement

简介 Introduction to Write101x
欢迎Welcome to Write101x
操作辅导UQx Tutorial: Navigating through this course
课程成绩评价Course assessments in Write101x
介绍性讨论Introductory discussion
分区Subsection
第一周：原理与词汇Week 1 - Principles and Words
诊断测试Diagnostic test
1.1讲：语法是什么及其重要性Lecture 1.1: What is grammar and why does it matter?
1.2讲：用标准英语写作Lecture 1.2: Writing standard English
1.3讲：词汇的用法Lecture 1.3: How words work
测验：词汇Quiz - Words
写作任务1Writing assignment 1
第一周讨论Week 1 discussion
课程资源Course resources
第二周：句子Week 2 - Sentences
第二周概述Week 2 overview
2.1讲：词性和词类Lecture 2.1: Parts of speech and word classes
2.2讲：句式结构，短语和分句Lecture 2.2: Structure of patterns, sentences, phrases, and clauses
2.3讲：与句子相关的常见问题Lecture 2.3: Common sentence-level problems
测验：句子Quiz: Sentences
第二周讨论Week 2 discussion
课程资源Course resources
第三周：动词Week 3 - Verbs
第三周概述Week 3 overview
3.1讲：限定动词和非限定动词Lecture 3.1: Finite and non-finite verbs
3.2讲：动词时态，动词语气和动词语态Lecture 3.2: Verb tenses, verb moods, and voice of verbs
写作任务2Writing assignment 2
测验：动词Quiz: Verbs
第三周讨论Week 3 discussion
课程资源Course resources
第四周：名词和代词Week 4 - Nouns and pronouns
第四周概述Week 4 overview
4.1讲：名词的形式和功能Lecture 4.1: Form and function of nouns
4.2讲：代词的形式和功能Lecture 4.2: Form and function of pronouns
4.3讲：与代词相关的问题Lecture 4.3: Pronoun problems
测验：名词和代词Quiz: Nouns and pronouns
第四周讨论Week 4 discussion
课程资源Course resources
第五周：形容词和限定词Week 5 - Adjectives and determiners
第五周概述Week 5 overview
5.1讲：形容词：功能，用法和比较级Lecture 5.1: Adjectives: Function, use, and degrees of comparison
5.2讲：形容词词串，标点和限定词Lecture 5.2: Adjectival sequencing, punctuation, and determiners
写作任务3Writing assignment 3
测验：形容词Quiz: Adjectives
第五周：讨论Week 5 Discussion
课程资源Course resources
第六周：副词Week 6 - Adverbs
第六周概述Week 6 overview
6.1讲：副词Lecture 6.1: Adverbs
6.2讲：连词Lecture 6.2: Conjunctions
第六周讨论Week 6 Discussion
测验：副词和连词Quiz: Adverbs and conjunctions
课程资源Course resources
第七周：介词和段落Week 7 - Prepositions and paragraphs
第七周概述Week 7 overview
7.1讲：介词的功能原理以及与介词相关的问题Lecture 7.1: How prepositions function and problems with prepositions
7.2讲：段落Lecture 7.2: Paragraphs
写作任务4Writing assignment 4
测验：介词和段落Quiz: Prepositions and paragraphs
第七周讨论Week 7 Discussion
课程资源Course resources
第八周：标点Week 8 - Punctuation
第八周概述Week 8 overview
8.1讲：主要标点符号及问题Lecture 8.1: The main punctuation marks and problems
8.2讲：其他标点符号Lecture 8.2: Other punctuation marks
测验：标点Quiz: Punctuation
第八周讨论Week 8 Discussion
课程资源Course resources
课程诊断测试完成End of course diagnostic test
总结Conclusion
再见Farewell from Write101x
课程调查完成End of course survey
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