Hammerhead Sharks: 15 Fast Facts

1. Hammerheads belong to the family Sphyrnidae, with "Sphyrna" meaning "hammer" in Greek.
2. There are nine known species of hammerhead sharks.
3. They are found in warm, temperate, and tropical waters worldwide.
4. The largest hammerhead species is the great hammerhead, which can grow up to 20 feet long.
5. Their distinctive hammer-shaped head is called a "cephalofoil."
6. The cephalofoil enhances their sensory capabilities, including electroreception and olfaction.
7. Hammerheads have a wide field of vision, nearly 360 degrees, thanks to the placement of their eyes.
8. They primarily feed on fish, squid, crustaceans, and sometimes other sharks.
9. Hammerheads are active predators, often hunting in groups.
10. They use their heads to pin down prey on the seafloor.
11. Some species undertake long migrations, traveling thousands of miles.
12. Hammerhead sharks are viviparous, giving birth to live pups.
13. A female can give birth to 20-40 pups in a single litter.
14. The scalloped hammerhead is listed as endangered by the IUCN.
15. Conservation efforts include habitat protection and fishing regulations to help protect hammerhead populations.

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